New Age
Islam News Bureau
12 September 2023
·
Goa School Principal Suspended
Over Mosque Visit and Hijab Row After Hindu Organisations Allegations
·
Nigar Shaji, Kalpana Kalahasti Stand
as Pioneers in Indian Space Exploration
·
Niqab use: FUNAAB Muslim
students protest alleged bullying, victimization by management
·
In Iran, Snap Checkpoints and
University Purges Mark the First Anniversary of Mahsa Amini Protests
·
Iran’s Regime Has Crushed
Protests, but ‘Lost the Battle’ For Obligatory Hijab
·
Richard
Olson, Ex-US Ambassador in Islamabad Dated Pakistani Journalist Muna Habib:
Report
URL: https://newageislam.com/islam-women-feminism/goa-hijab-hindu-mosque/d/130660
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School Principal
Suspended Over Mosque Visit And Hijab Row After Hindu Organisations Allegations
In Goa
School takes girls to mosque, sparks Goa row
© Provided by The Times of India
------
September
12, 2023
Principal
of a school in Goa was suspended by the management after Hindu organisations
alleged that he allowed students to visit mosque, where they were allegedly
forced to wear hijab.
Director,
Directorate of Education, Shailesh Zingade told IANS that he has sought an
explanation over the incident from the management of the higher secondary
school.
A Muslim
organisation reportedly approached the school to send its students to an
educational workshop that is being organised by it.
“After
interacting with students we came to know that four girls were told to wear
Hijab, which they refused. There were eight Maulanas who gave presentations of
their religion. They tried to brainwash the students,” one of the persons, who
gathered at school demanding suspension of the principal, said.
Chairman
of Keshav Smruti Higher Secondary School, Pandurang Korganokar said that
principal Shankar Gaonkar has been suspended over the issue.
“We have
conducted a preliminary enquiry. We had received a letter from a Muslim
organization about an educational workshop. Our 22 students attended the
workshop, which included two Hindu and two Christian girl students. There were
also students of government higher secondary school for this workshop, who wore
scarff while entering the mosque as per their tradition,” he said.
“I have
tendered an apology to everyone who called me and also told that the intention
of the principal was not bad. He only sent the students for the workshop…”
Korgaonkar said.
“They
(students) were not forced to wear a scarf, but teachers and students
voluntarily wished to wear it. The organisation had conducted a programme —
‘Mosque open for all’. It was just an educational workshop, which students
attended,” the Chairman of the school said, adding that he tendered an apology
to Bajrang Dal and other Hindu organisations, whose sentiments are hurt.
Korgaonkar
said that the management will submit its explanation to the Education
Department soon. –IANS
Source: muslimmirror.com
https://muslimmirror.com/eng/goa-school-principal-suspended-over-hijab-row/
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Nigar
Shaji, Kalpana Kalahasti Stand As Pioneers In Indian Space Exploration
Nigar Shaji, the mastermind behind India’s groundbreaking solar mission
Aditya L-1
------
Statesman
Web | September 12, 2023
Nigar
Shaji Kalpana Kalahasti
Nigar
Shaji, the mastermind behind India’s groundbreaking solar mission Aditya L-1,
witnessed its triumphant launch on September 2nd from the Satish Dhawan Space
Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. This historic achievement marks a
significant milestone in India’s space exploration endeavors.
As the
deputy project director overseeing the Chandrayaan-3 mission, Kalpana Kalahasti
played a pivotal role in ensuring the project’s intricate details were
meticulously executed. Her unwavering dedication and commitment were
instrumental in maintaining the mission’s continuity, even in the face of the
challenges posed by the global pandemic.
These
remarkable women, Nigar Shaji and Kalpana Kalahasti, serve as inspiring
trailblazers for millions who aspire to pursue careers in science and
technology.
Nigar
Shaji, a 59-year-old scientist hailing from Tenakasi, Tamil Nadu, along with
her dedicated team at ISRO, orchestrated the flawless launch of the PSLV C57.1
rocket carrying Aditya L-1. When the mission saw a successful accomplishment,
Shaji described it as nothing short of a “dream come true.”
Shaji’s
illustrious journey began when she joined the Indian Space Research
Organisation in 1987, immediately after completing her graduate and master’s
degrees. Over the years, she has played a pivotal role in various satellite
projects and has been instrumental in the successful launches of numerous
communication and remote sensing satellites.
Her
contributions extend from developing propulsion systems for precise satellite
positioning to designing cutting-edge imaging equipment capable of capturing
high-resolution images of Earth. She has also been a vital member of
groundbreaking missions like the Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyan) and the
Chandrayaan-2 mission.
In 2019,
Shaji assumed the role of Associate Project Director for the Chandrayaan-3
mission, where her expertise proved invaluable in the design and optimization
of lunar lander systems.
Both
Nigar Shaji and Kalpana Kalahasti serve as shining examples of women excelling
in the fields of science and technology, breaking barriers, and inspiring
future generations to pursue their passions in these domains. Their dedication
and achievements continue to propel India’s space exploration efforts to new
heights.
Source: thestatesman.com
https://www.thestatesman.com/india/nigar-shaji-kalpana-kalahasti-stand-as-pioneers-in-indian-space-exploration-1503221073.html
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Niqab
use: FUNAAB Muslim students protest alleged bullying, victimization by
management
Adam
Mosadioluwa
September 11, 2023
The
Muslim Students Society of Nigeria (MSSN), Federal University of Agriculture,
Abeokuta (FUNAAB) branch has protested over alleged bullying and victimization
by the school management against students wearing Niqab.
In the
protest videos and pictures sighted by Tribune Online on X (formerly Twitter),
the students, in their numbers, took to the University’s gate on Monday,
carrying placards with different inscriptions to protest against the
development.
According
to them, it is beyond any justification for the school management to allow some
students to roam almost naked around the school premises and have issues with
Muslim students who are covering their bodies with niqabs.
Taking
to Twitter to further air their grievances over the issue, the FUNAAB branch of
MSSN wrote, “The bullying from the school management towards Niqab using
sisters is getting out of hand. We have the right to dress according to our
beliefs!”
In
another post, the Muslim students’ body wondered why students have to face the
University disciplinary committee just because of practicing their religion.
“Why do
our Niqab-using sisters have to face the Student Disciplinary Committee for
practicing their religion?”
“Why do
we have to live in hardship on FUNAAB Campus for practicing our religion? Niqab
is part of the Islamic dressing for Muslim ladies, it’s our right!” another
post read.
Source: tribuneonlineng.com
https://tribuneonlineng.com/niqab-use-funaab-muslim-students-protest-alleged-bullying-victimization-by-management/
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In Iran,
snap checkpoints and university purges mark the first anniversary of Mahsa
Amini protests
September
12, 2023
TEHRAN,
Iran (AP) — Snap checkpoints. Internet disruptions. University purges.
Iran’s
theocracy is trying hard to both ignore the upcoming anniversary of nationwide
protests over the country’s mandatory headscarf law and tamp down on any
possibility of more unrest.
Yet the
Sept. 16 death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini still reverberates across Iran. Some
women are choosing to go without the headscarf, or hijab, despite an increasing
crackdown by authorities.
Graffiti,
likely against Iran’s government, is rapidly painted over in black by Tehran’s
municipal workers. University professors have been fired over their apparent
support for demonstrators.
International
pressure remains high on Iran, even as the administration tries to deescalate
tensions with other nations in the region and the West after years of
confrontation.
“The
weaponization of ‘public morals’ to deny women and girls their freedom of
expression is deeply disempowering and will entrench and expand gender
discrimination and marginalization,” independent United Nations experts warned
earlier this month.
The
demonstrations over Amini’s death that erupted after her arrest a year ago by
the country’s morality police, allegedly over the hijab, represented one of the
largest challenges to Iran’s theocracy since the 1979 Islamic Revolution. A
security force crackdown that followed saw over 500 people killed and more than
22,000 people detained.
Iran’s
government, including Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, have blamed the
West for fomenting the unrest, without offering evidence to support the
allegation. However, the protests found fuel in the widespread economic pain
that Iran’s 80 million people have faced since the collapse of Iran’s nuclear
deal with world powers after then-President Donald Trump in 2018 unilaterally
pulled America from the accord.
As
Western sanctions came back, Iran currency — the rial — cratered, decimating
people’s lifesavings. Prices of food and other essentials skyrocketed as
inflation gripped the nation, in part due to worldwide pressures following the
coronavirus pandemic and the launch of Russia’s war on Ukraine. Unemployment
officially stands at 8% overall, though one out of every five young Iranians is
out of work.
Videos
of the demonstrations last year showed many young people taking part in the
protests, leading authorities to apparently focus more closely on Iran’s
universities in recent weeks. There’s historic precedence for the concerns: In
1999, student-led protests swept Tehran and at least three people were killed
while 1,200 were detained as demonstrations rapidly spread to other cities.
Though
university campuses have largely remained one of the few safe places for
students to demonstrate, even campuses have felt the latest crackdown. Over the
past year, the Union Council of Iranian Students has said that hundreds of
students faced disciplinary panels at their universities over the protests.
During
the same period, at least 110 university professors and lecturers have been
fired or temporarily suspended, according to a report by the reformist
newspaper Etemad. The firings have been primarily focused at schools in Tehran,
including Tehran Azad University, Tehran University and Tehran Medical
University.
Etemad
said those who were dismissed fell into two groups: teachers concerned by the
election of hard-line President Ebrahim Raisi and those who supported the
protests that followed Amini’s death.
But
there were firings at other schools as well.
At
Tehran’s Sharif University of Technology, outspoken artificial intelligence and
bioinformatics professor Ali Sharifi Zarchi, who backed his students taking
part in the protests and later faced interrogation by Iranian security forces,
was among those laid off.
A
petition urging the university to overturn his firing was signed by 15,000
people.
“Putting
pressure on professors and students is a black stain on the proud history of
#Tehran_University and it must be stopped,” Zarchi wrote online before his
dismissal.
University
teachers who were dismissed also included Hossein Alaei, a former commander in
the paramilitary Revolutionary Guard and vice defense minister, and Reza Salehi
Amiri, a former culture minister. Alaei had once, a decade ago, compared
Khamenei to Iran’s former shah, while Amiri was a former official in the
administration of the relatively moderate President Hassan Rouhani.
Rouhani,
whose government reached the nuclear deal with world powers in 2015, has
criticized the university firings.
“Destroying
the prestige of the universities and their professors ... is a loss for the
students, science and the country,” Rouhani said, according to a report by the
online news site Jamaran.
The head
of Tehran University, Mohammad Moghimi, had tried to defend the dismissals,
describing professors as facing “ethics problems.” Some hard-liners also have
tried to insist the firings weren’t political, though the hard-line newspaper
Kayhan directly linked the dismissals to the demonstrations.
“It is
not logical to allow someone to propagate against the system under the
direction of foreigners,” the newspaper wrote.
Those on
the streets of Tehran say the governments’ move will likely make the situation
worse.
“They
want to insert their own people in the university in hope of stopping the
protest, but we students will show our objections in a way that they cannot
imagine,” said Shima, a 21-year-old university student. “They failed to prevent
last year’s protests since nobody can predict earthquakes.”
Authorities
“are fighting against windmills using wooden swords,” added Farnaz, a
27-year-old university student. Both women gave just their first name for fear
of reprisals.
The
government has been trying to stay publicly quiet about the anniversary. Raisi
never said Amini’s name during a recent news conference with journalists — who
also only tangentially referred to the demonstrations. State-run and
semiofficial media in Iran as well have avoided mentioning the anniversary,
which typically signals pressure from the government.
But
privately, activists report a rise in the number of people being questioned and
detained by security forces, including an uncle of Amini.
Saleh
Nikbakht, a lawyer for Amini’s family, faces a court case accusing him of
spreading “propaganda” over his interviews with foreign media.
More
police officers have been noticed on Tehran’s streets in recent days, including
snap checkpoints for those riding on motorcycles in the country’s capital.
Internet access has been noticeably disrupted over recent days, according to
the advocacy group NetBlocks.
And
abroad, Iranian state media reported that someone set tires ablaze in front of
the Iranian Embassy in Paris over the weekend. Demonstrations marking the
anniversary on Saturday are planned in multiple cities abroad.
Source: apnews.com
https://apnews.com/article/iran-protests-mahsa-amini-crackdown-f26a5f687d87785841241d266ca3e872
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Iran’s
regime has crushed protests, but ‘lost the battle’ for obligatory hijab
12/09/2023
The
crackdown was increasing, the screws of repression getting tighter, in the
weeks leading up to the first death anniversary of Mahsa Amini, also known as
Jina Amini.
The
22-year-old’s death in police custody on September 16, 2022, sparked protests
across Iran for months until the authorities responded with brutal tactics,
forcing protesters indoors or into exile. But with the anniversary of Amini’s
death approaching, the regime was taking no chances.
Weeks
ahead of the one-year milestone, the families of protesters killed by security
forces were barred from holding commemorative gatherings at their graves, in
what Amnesty International called the “cruellest restrictions”. Several women’s rights activists were also
detained and accused of planning events to mark the death anniversary,
according to Human Rights Watch.
A year
ago, Amini was arrested by Iran’s Gasht-e-Ershad – or guidance patrols, better
known as the “morality police” – for “improperly” wearing the mandatory hijab.
As
enraged female protesters took to the streets, many defying the hijab rules –
some burning their headscarves and cutting locks of hair – there were reports
suggesting the Gasht-e-Ershad had been suspended.
But
since mid-July, the morality police squads have been back on Iran’s streets,
aided by other security forces. In early August, President Ebrahim Raisi took
to the airwaves to tell the Iranian people they should not “worry” because, he
promised, “the removal of the hijab will definitely come to an end”.
A new
“Hijab and Chastity” bill is now working its way into law, with a package of
repressive measures, including exorbitant fines for hijab offenders and
increased police surveillance.
Iranians
have a lot to worry about, including the rising cost of living, hyperinflation,
corruption, economic collapse, and isolation under international sanctions
while the regime plays hardball in nuclear negotiations.
The
prospect of women revealing their hair in public does not top the list of
concerns for most Iranians.
But for
their unpopular president, it’s a major worry. The veil in Iran symbolises much
more than just a hair-covering garment. The death in custody of one young
woman, hailing from the marginalised Kurdish-Sunni periphery of the official
Shiite state, exposed the weakness of the Islamic Republic four decades after
the 1979 revolution.
A year
after Amini’s demise, that chapter in Iran’s post-revolutionary history is
still being written and it could have dramatic consequences for the country –
as well as the international community.
‘A very
fragile moment for Iran’
Since
the protests erupted last year, Iranian authorities have used a combination of
old and new measures to suppress public anti-regime displays.
Security
forces killed at least 537 protesters, the majority in the first months of the
protests, according to an April 4 report by Oslo-based NGO, Iran Human Rights.
At least seven men have been executed in connection to the protests following
“hasty proceedings”, noted a UN-appointed Independent International
Fact-Finding Mission.
The
appointment of the fact-finding mission on November 24 was hailed as a
“landmark” by rights groups and came after intense negotiations at the
Geneva-based Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights.
In its
first oral report presented in July, the fact-finding mission noted that
Iranian authorities had not yet responded to repeated requests for a visit.
“Even today, ten months after the events, no official data is publicly
available regarding those arrested, detained, charged or convicted in
connection with the protests,” the team noted.
In other
words, it was business as usual for the Iranian regime after yet another
crackdown on yet another round of protests that have been erupting with
increased frequency over the past decade.
But this
time, some unfamiliar suppression tactics were also applied, and they were
disquieting.
As the
number of defiantly unveiled women in public soared, the Islamic regime
targeted prominent female influencers, including actresses, with dubious
psychiatric diagnoses. As judges sentenced women to treatment for “anti-family
personality disorder”, Iranian mental health organisations warned that the
authorities were “exploiting psychiatry”.
A year
after Amini’s death in custody, the figures may be disputed, but the facts are
clear. “The government has very effectively crushed the protests that erupted
last year. But anger at the regime is even worse,” said Barbara Slavin,
distinguished fellow at the Washington DC-based Stimson Center. “The regime has
been very effective in terms of repression, but it’s been a total failure at
improving the lives of ordinary Iranians.”
The
explosive mix of public rage and regime suppression makes it hard to say who
really won the day, much less the year. “It’s a mixed picture: on the one hand,
society is miserable, angry, restive. On the other hand, Iranians have shown
that the regime no longer calls the shots,” said Slavin. “It’s a very fragile
moment for Iran.”
‘Women,
Life, Freedom’
The
fragility was exposed last year by women, the officially fragile 51 percent of
Iran’s 87 million population. Adopting the rallying cry, “Zan, Zendegi, Azadi”
– Women, Life, Freedom – Iran’s women led the latest charge against the regime
with a mix of courage, creativity and doggedness that electrified the world.
Since
the 1979 revolution, women have been used as a political symbol by the Islamic
Republic, with the veil promoted as the most manifest proclamation of its
values. More than 40 years later, that political symbolism provided the seed
for its own unraveling.
“Heavily
discriminating against women in all aspects of life, the Islamic Republic’s
policies on compulsory veil emerges throughout the years as the symbol of its
control over women’s bodies and life. Regardless, Iranian women have remained
courageously outspoken for their rights, while having paid and continuing to
pay a high price for their dissent,” said Azadeh Pourzand, senior fellow at the
Center for Middle East and Global Order.
While
the government is pushing for the adoption of the “Hijab and Chastity” law,
Slavin doubts it will end the regime’s worries. “Overall, the government has
lost the battle for the obligatory hijab – they can’t arrest all the women
going around without hijab,” she explained. “They’ve lost the battle, they
simply refuse to admit it.”
Despite
the tightened restrictions, many Iranian women are putting up a fight, with
some displaying exceptional bravery. Weeks before Amini’s death anniversary,
firebrand Iranian labour activist Sepideh Qoliyan got a warning by a criminal
court judge that she could face additional charges if she continued to appear
in court without a veil.
It came
a month after an earlier court hearing was cancelled because Qoliyan refused to
wear the mandatory hijab. The 28-year-old activist remains in prison while she
fights two separate charges, including insulting Iran’s Supreme Leader
Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.
Meanwhile
Nazila Maroufian, the Iranian-Kurdish journalist who interviewed Amini’s father
last year, walked out of Tehran’s notorious Evin prison on August 13 and posted
a photograph on social media of herself without a headscarf and the slogan,
"Don't accept slavery, you deserve the best."
She was
promptly detained again, released on bail and then re-arrested. On September 4,
an Iranian judge sentenced Maroufian to a year in prison, ensuring the
now-prominent journalist would be locked behind bars on Amini’s first death
anniversary.
New
generation rejects ‘patience’
Iranian
women and girls taking to the streets were immediately joined by male
protesters who grasped the symbolism of the veil in their demand for total
change. The unofficial anthem of the Women, Life, Freedom movement was written
by a young man and recorded in his bedroom in the Iranian coastal city of
Babolsar.
Shervin
Hajipour wove tweets of protest-supporters into the lyrics of his song, Baraye,
or “For” in English. He was arrested and released on bail when he won a special
Grammy award in February for his powerful, haunting single.
The song
title comes from #Baraye, a hashtag Iranians used to explain why they were
protesting. One of the tweets in the song simply states, “For yearning for an
ordinary life” – a central demand of the primarily young protesters.
The Gen
Z component of the protests was particularly noteworthy, distinguishing it from
previous Iranian protest movements, explained Iran-born and UK-based Pourzand.
At 38,
Pourzand belongs to the “Green movement” generation of protesters who took to
the streets to challenge the results of the 2009 presidential elections, which
denied a victory to the reformist candidate.
“My
generation thought patience is a value, that incremental change is a value
worth holding on to,” she explained. “We thought we had to pick between the bad
and worse. ‘Better to work for the bad – what if, what comes next is the
worse,’ describes the reform movement.”
Iran’s
Generation Z, those born between 1997 and 2010 – or 1375-1389 in the Iranian
calendar and dubbed Dahe Hashtadi (“the Eighties”) in Persian – displayed the
impertinence and impatience of youth. This included a total rejection of the
post-1979 edifice, complete with ripping and burning posters of Supreme Leader
Khamenei.
The
leaderless, social media-driven nature of the movement raised immediate doubts
over whether the young protesters had the mobilisation capacity to topple the
regime.
But in
their failure to bring immediate change, Generation Dahe Hashtadi did not fare
any worse than their parents, analysts concede a year later. What’s more, in a
country with a long protest culture, they fundamentally altered the discourse
by calling for a dismantling of the republic itself.
“They
got together, they figured a message quickly and effectively, and the whole
world heard it,” said Pourzand. “'Women, Life, Freedom' divided Iran’s history
into a ‘before’ and ‘after’. I don’t think the regime can take it back to
before this movement.”
Referring
to the Iranian saying, “the fire under the ashes”, Slavin says the smoldering
anger cannot be extinguished by a deeply discredited regime using the old
repression techniques. “Iranians understand this is a long struggle, they are
very determined,” she explained.
A year
after Amini’s death, the state of the republic appears to be as frail as that
of the 84-year-old supreme leader, Ayatollah Khamenei. “People have been
calling 'Death to the dictator' for the past four to five years. They hate
him,” said Slavin.
Khamenei’s
most likely successor list includes President Raisi and the octogenarian
supreme leader’s son, Mojtaba Khamenei. Both men lack popular support,
according to analysts. “Khamenei has been trying to arrange for his son to
succeed him. The hypocrisy of the regime is beyond all calculations,” said
Slavin. “Someday it will fall and people will celebrate – just when and how it
happens, people can’t predict.”
Source: france24.com
https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20230912-iran-s-regime-has-crushed-protests-but-lost-the-battle-for-obligatory-hijab
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Ex-US
ambassador in Islamabad dated Pakistani journalist: report
September
12, 2023
Former
US Ambassador Richard Olson, once celebrated for his distinguished diplomatic
career, faces sentencing following a series of revelations about his personal
and professional conduct, including an extramarital affair with journalist Muna
Habib during his tenure as the US ambassador to Pakistan.
Olson,
who retired from the State Department in 2016, had an illustrious 34-year
career, including postings as the US ambassador to Pakistan and the United Arab
Emirates, as well as assignments in Iraq and Afghanistan. However, recently
disclosed court records have shed light on a different side of his life, The
Washington Post reported.
One
aspect of the investigation centered around Olson's failure to report a $60,000
gift of diamond jewelry from the emir of Dubai to his mother-in-law while he
was serving as the head of the US Consulate in Dubai. Additionally, the FBI
probed his involvement in arranging for a Pakistani American businessman, Imaad
Zuberi, to pay $25,000 in tuition bills for Muna Habib, enabling her to attend
the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism.
Olson's
complicated romantic life also came under scrutiny. While stationed in Pakistan
from 2012 to 2015, he dated multiple women despite being married to another US
diplomat, who was serving as the ambassador to Libya at the time. He did not
report these liaisons to US diplomatic security officials, as required by State
Department counterintelligence rules.
The
former ambassador pleaded guilty to two misdemeanors, admitting to failing to
disclose an $18,000 first-class ticket he received for a job interview and
illegally lobbying on behalf of Qatar after his retirement. While he was not
charged in connection with the diamond gift or Habib's tuition, the Justice
Department argued that these episodes demonstrated a pattern of unethical
behavior.
Olson's
sentencing is scheduled for Tuesday, and he could face up to six months in
prison under federal sentencing guidelines. His lawyers argue that his long and
honourable career should exempt him from imprisonment.
In
recent years, the US Justice Department has intensified enforcement of
foreign-influence laws, including actions against retired military personnel
working as consultants for foreign powers.
The
scandal surrounding Olson began during his tenure as the US ambassador to
Pakistan when he became involved with journalist Muna Habib. Despite dating for
two years, their relationship ended in late 2014 after Habib discovered Olson's
infidelity. They reconnected later, and Olson helped Habib financially to
attend journalism school.
Emails
submitted to the court suggest that the two remained close after their breakup.
Habib, who is now married to Olson, downplayed questions about their
relationship, dismissing them as "salacious gossip."
Olson
reported his relationship with Habib to the CIA's station chief but did not
report it to US diplomatic security officials, as required for diplomats with
high-level security clearances.
The
investigation also delved into the diamond gift from the emir of Dubai, which
Olson claimed was intended for his mother-in-law. While Olson's then-wife,
Deborah Jones, was also investigated, both she and Olson were cleared of
wrongdoing by the State Department.
Despite
the controversy, Jones defended the legitimacy of the diamond gift and argued
that her mother considered it a personal gift from the emir. The State
Department closed the investigation, but both Jones and Olson were asked to
voluntarily relinquish the diamonds.
As the
legal proceedings unfold, Olson's once-distinguished diplomatic career has
become marred by a web of personal and professional controversies that have
left a lasting impact on his legacy.
Source:
tribune.com.pk
https://tribune.com.pk/story/2435273/ex-us-ambassador-in-islamabad-dated-pakistani-journalist-report
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URL: https://newageislam.com/islam-women-feminism/goa-hijab-hindu-mosque/d/130660