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Ijtihad, Rethinking Islam
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Tuesday, 16 Mar 2010 |
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New Age Islam Battles Fundamentalists in Cyberspace
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Sultan Shahin sees New Age Islam as part of a global effort by believers to reclaim Islam from the religious right, and address the questions and conflicts which confront believers in the twenty-first century. “Islam,” he argues, “is a spiritual experience; a system of beliefs through which believers seek to live a meaningful life. For the Islamists, though, religion is primarily a tool through which they seek power. In practice, they worship power, not Allah.”
In a recent essay, Shahin argued that the Islam of the neo-fundamentalists was in fact a “a completely new religion” theologically founded “on a wilful misinterpretation of the Islamic concept of jihad.” Electronic journals like New Age Islam reach out to a small, but influential, section of India’s Muslims: an emerging class of Muslim professionals and entrepreneurs who are finding that the traditionalist practices of the parents offer few solutions to the struggles of life. Islamists have been adroit at capitalising on their anxieties. Many of India’s jihadists — among them, the leadership of the Indian Mujahideen — came from urban middle class backgrounds and had received a privileged elite education. West and East Shahin says he hopes New Age Islam will give this new class a progressive voice. “When the media or the government wants to understand what Muslims think about something,” he says “they’ll always turn to some cleric or the other, not Wipro’s Azim Premji or Himalaya Heath Care’s Meraj Manal or the eminent physicist Israr Ahmed. We need a wider Muslim engagement with public life.” Shahin’s own understanding of Islam was forged in both India and the West—much like the young audience New Age Islam addresses. -- Praveen Swami, The Hindu, New Delhi
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Islam and the West
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American Muslim Group IMAN Reaches Out, Breaks Down Stereotypes
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A Muslim American group in the Midwestern city of Chicago is trying to break down stereotypes and improve Islam's image through a holistic model of community service. Sergio Delgado is an undocumented and jobless Mexican living in Chicago. He cannot afford health care. So he comes regularly to this free clinic run by the Inner City Muslim Action Network, also known as IMAN. -- Nico Colombant
Photo: Sergio Delgado comes regularly to this free clinic run by the Inner City Muslim Action Network, also known as IMAN
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Books and Documents
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Munir Commission Report -7: Section 144 Orders Enforced Against Public Meetings In Mosques: Sargodha And Gujranwala Cases
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Justice M. Munir commission investigated the large-scale riots against the Ahmadya sect in Pakistan in 1953. His report is an eye-opener. It shows that our ulema are not even able to agree on a definition of who a Muslim is. Justice Munir had called heads of all Islamic schools of thought and asked them the definition of a Muslim. No two ulema agreed. It also exposes the pusillaminity of our so-called scholars of Islam and their near-total disregard of the beauty and generosity of Islam. – Editor Orders issued by District Magistrates in pursuance of the directions given by the Provincial Government were enforced in certain places by the prosecution of the offenders. On 12th June 1952, the Ahrar announced that a public meeting would be held at 8 o'clock on the morning of the following day, which was a Friday, in Municipal Park, Sargodha. The District Magistrate banned the meeting by an order under section 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, promulgated in pursuance of the policy laid down by the Government in the letter of 5th June 1952. Thereupon the Ahrar made another public announcement that the meeting would be held on the date fixed in the Juma mosque. But the District Magistrate lost no time in having it proclaimed that his order under section 144 was equally applicable to public meetings in mosques and that the holding of the proposed, meeting would be a contravention of that order. The meeting was, however, held at 10 o'clock and was presided over by Sheikh Husam-ud-Din. Speeches of the usual type against the Ahmadis were made by Master Taj-ud-Din Ansari, the President, and Sheikh Husam-ud-Din, the General Secretary, of Majlis-i-Ahrar-i-Pakistan, and Muhammad Abdullah, the President of the District Majlis-i-Ahrar, Sargodha, and slogans “Zafrullah murdabad,” “Mirzaeeat murdabad”, etc., were raised while the meeting was in progress. Next: Chaudhri Zafrullah Khan’s Speech in Jehangir Park
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Islamic World News
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Palestinians clash with police in East Jerusalem
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British boy kidnapped in Pakistan found
American Muslim groups protest use of un-Islamic full body scanners at airports Iraqi PM holds slim lead in partial poll tally Iraqi nationalists must deliver Minority status for Jamia demanded Yemen says militants died in raid Pakistan drone raid 'kills three' in North Waziristan For the first time there are voices questioning Israel’s strategic value Terror suspects linked to fugitive ganglord Mumbai arrests cast light on jihadist-mafia nexus Backlash from Taliban attacks forces Pak to act: Holbrooke Apex court may recall Gujarat riots probe team Jalil Andrabi case: Major Avtar's passport questioned Dhaka, New Delhi to strengthen military ties Indian paintings evoke Kazakh interest Iran to step up Afghan presence Bin Laden son seeks release of relatives in Iran Attack on US diplomats in Pak may have alarming effect’ Campaign launched in support of ElBaradei Indonesia urges US to reconsider ban on training India has no plan to scale down operations in Afghanistan: Rao Egypt's opposition calls for constitutional reform Muslims divided over reservation Three senior Taliban commanders killed in Pak Dawood wants to shift family out of Pakistan: Hamza India is clueless on Afghanistan US should put 9/11 to rest with facts Compiled by Asit Kumar Photo: An Oldham boy kidnapped while on holiday in Pakistan nearly two weeks ago has been found safe and well, the British High Commission said today.
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Islam and the West
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Deformed babies in Iraq: We Are All Accountable
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Enough is enough. This nation has gone so far beyond the rule of law and reason that it is almost impossible to know where to start to bring in order to right all of the terrible wrongs we have perpetrated in the last fifty years. We have seen the American military machine wreck havoc in Iraq and Afghanistan. We not only occupied Iraq, but we have poisoned the soil and made the place uninhabitable because of our use of depleted uranium in our munitions. We can deny that depleted uranium is harmless, but the facts coming in about the deformed babies being born in Iraq says otherwise. We must all come to the conclusion that not only was the invasion of Iraq a crime against humanity, but turning Iraq, Afghanistan and the former Yugoslavia into a radioactive wasteland are even larger crimes against humanity. -- Timothy V. Gatto
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Books and Documents
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Munir Commission Report -6: More Speeches By Bukhari (Contd.)
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Justice M. Munir commission investigated the large-scale riots against the Ahmadya sect in Pakistan in 1953. His report is an eye-opener. It shows that our ulema are not even able to agree on a definition of who a Muslim is. Justice Munir had called heads of all Islamic schools of thought and asked them the definition of a Muslim. No two ulema agreed. It also exposes the pusillaminity of our so-called scholars of Islam and their near-total disregard of the beauty and generosity of Islam. – Editor 6. I have already proposed that District Magistrates should be advised in a circular letter to take a firm stand and to promulgate 144, Cr. P. C. if they have the least suspicion that the holding of an Ahrar meeting would promote sectional ill-will. Another thing we can do is to take action against the rag (Shu’la), which has shamefacedly publicised the evil attacks made against the Foreign Minister. It is the duty of the Government, as long as Sir Zafrullah Khan holds his office, to protect him from such malicious attacks. By abusing Sir Zafrullah Khan the Ahrar do not attack an individual but defame the Government to which he belongs—of which, in fact, he is a part. 7. The Ahrar are clever speakers and they take good care not to attract the law. It is not possible in this case to prosecute them for spreading sectional discord, under section 153-A., P.P.C. In my opinion their activities are such that there is full justification for taking action against one or two prominent ones under the P. P. S. A. 8. Two telegrams have been received from the Ahmadis protesting against the conduct of the Ahrar. Next: Section 144 Orders Enforced Against Public Meetings In Mosques: Sargodha And Gujranwala Cases
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Islamic World News
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Britain 'sheltering al-Qaeda leader'
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‘My son not a terrorist, he’s been framed’
Iraqi vote signals shift from religious leaders LeT has 20 terror targets in India: US lawmaker Filipino couple caught in khalwa embrace Islam Kandahar suicide bombings kill 35 Pak hits Taliban targets, 18 die Facilitate marriage of Saudi women to non-Saudis Jihad Jane's allies in the courts Egypt cancels ceremony at Cairo synagogue, blaming Jews and Israel Lawmaker backs polygamy, hubby gets offers from match-makers Tehran accuses US of launching 'cyber war' against Iran Al Qaeda under fantastic pressure: Holbrooke Jemima buys Oxfordshire estate for £15 million 'Punishment for claiming Ziaur Rahman declared Bangladesh independence' India should only talk to Pak civilian govt: Karamat Mumbai ATS uncovers Pak-linked terror plot Bashir came to Ahmedabad to spot ‘terror talents': ATS chief Afghan, Pak should develop common strategy for terror: Karzai Muslims put Cong on notice on reservations issue BSP faces heat as smoke lifts from Bareilly’s communal fires Obama aide condemns 'destructive' Israeli homes plan 7 Indians languishing in Dubai jail Indo-Pak rivalry can be very costly for us: Tanin Mujahedeen forces join drug combating operations Darfur rebel row jeopardises Sudan peace deal Muslim group blasts anti-Obama protests India open to new round of talks with Pak Deadly car bomb strikes Iraq city of Falluja New fraud cases show holes in Iraq rebuilding effort 5 CRPF jawans killed in grenade attack Compiled by Asit Kumar Photo: Abu Qatada
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Islam and Human Rights
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Gwador Port of Baluchistan: Promises of development vs. fears of destruction
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The Baluchistan Operation basically started with the announcement of the Gwadar Project and the setting up of barracks in Baluchistan because the Baluch nationalists have serious apprehensions over the Gwader project and the apprehensions have been documented in the Bugti dossier. The nationalists presented their apprehensions on paper to the government and committees and sub-committees were formed to allay those fears. Unfortunately, the committee could not yield any tangible results. Despite these reservations, the government started work on the port and the nationalists were accused of being anti-development saying they were a handful of people. The 72 sardars of Baluchistan are on our side and the rest only three (Mengal, Marri and Bugti) are against us because they are trying to save their sardari (authority).It can be noted that the differences between the central government and Baluchistan started way back in 1948 and is existing till date. -- Mohammad Jan Baluch (Translated from Urdu by Sohail Arshad) 
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Current affairs
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The Truth of Bareilly Riots
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It was a usual Bara-wafaat procession going on for many years (mind it Bareilly is great seat of Sunni Muslim school). The city has unparalleled history of communal harmony and pluralistic life style. No one among my parents and uncles remembers anything ever going wrong between Hindus and Muslims for past as many decades as can possibly be remembered by living generations. Then what went wrong???!!! This procession was scheduled on the very day of Holi but in line with the communal tolerance and brotherhood the Muslims had agreed to postpone their procession for the next day, as they have been doing for past many years On that fateful day of 2nd March 2010 A small group of Muslim boys (whose collective number was not more than 30) was coming to join in the main body of the procession about a kilometre far off at Koharapeer--- Aditya Kohli
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Radical Islamism & Jihad
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Headley chase, Lashkar conspiracy
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October 2009 arrest in Chicago of two men charged with plotting attacks in Denmark illustrates Lashkar’s transnational capabilities and the nuanced role they can play in terms of terrorism against India and the West. One of the men arrested was David Headley, (aka Daood Gilani), a Pakistani American who trained with Lashkar during the early part of the decade and changed his name in order to perform surveillance in India. He made multiple extended trips to Mumbai in advance of the 2008 attacks that took place there. During each trip he took pictures and video of various targets, including all of those struck by Lashkar’s fidayeen in November 2008. -- Stephen Tankel Photo: Headley-Rana
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Books and Documents
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Munir Commission Report -5: More Speeches By Bukhari (Contd.)
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Justice M. Munir commission investigated the large-scale riots against the Ahmadya sect in Pakistan in 1953. His report is an eye-opener. It shows that our ulema are not even able to agree on a definition of who a Muslim is. Justice Munir had called heads of all Islamic schools of thought and asked them the definition of a Muslim. No two ulema agreed. It also exposes the pusillaminity of our so-called scholars of Islam and their near-total disregard of the beauty and generosity of Islam. - Editor The Ahrar of Sargodha decided to take out a procession after the Juma prayers today at Sargodha city as decided by Sayyad Ata Ullah Shah Bukhari and Maulana Muhammad Abdullah Ahrari in their conference with the object of shouting slogans against mirzaeeat, Sir Zafrullah Khan and the Khalifa of Qadian. This matter was brought to my notice as soon as I returned from my tour at midday and the District Magistrate also phoned to me to make suitable police arrangements in the city. I collected my force immediately and wont to the city at 1.30 p. m. Khan Abdul Hadi Khan, Additional District Magistrate, also reached there as directed by the District Magistrate. When I and my party reached the Gol Chowk Mosque, a procession of Ahrar led by Maulvi Muhammad Abdullah Ahrari, Maulvi Saleh Muhammad, Mu’allam of Siraj-ul-Uloom, and Abdur Rashid Ashk an editor of the local paper known as Shu’la came from Katchery Bazar. Next: More Speeches By Bukhari (Contd.)
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Muslim Media
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The World of Persian Bloggers
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This is a short introduction to the world of Persian bloggers and their daily use of the tools. This, therefore, is not an outline of events and names. Bloggers have emerged, they have started new projects and many of them have eventually shifted their attention to another endeavour or have retired for different reasons. From the onset of the Weblogestan, as the inhabitants of the Persian blogosphere tend to call it, different players have come to the stage and have faded away. This is the story of their achievement: how eight years after Salman Jarriri's first Persian blog post no one exactly knows how many Persian blogs there are. -- Arash Kamangir
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Islamic Personalities
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Khwaja Qutub: A towering Sufi
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There are different legends on how Khwaja Qutub got the title of Bakhtiar Kaki. The most accepted one narrates that his wife used to take provisions on credit from a nearby grocer to feed her starving family. One day, the grocer taunted her, saying that her family would have starved had it not been for his kindness. Khwaja Qutub learnt of the remark and forbade the taking of provisions on credit. Pointing to a niche in the wall, he told his wife to recite “Bismillah” and take bread from it. The kak, bread, continued appearing miraculously till his wife revealed the secret to others. -- Sadia Dehlvi
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Islamic World News
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Bombers kill 100 as Taliban hits back
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‘Sir, don’t... I am not a terrorist,’ pleaded ATS inspector as DCP shot him twice
Another blast in Pakistan: 14 killed, 52 injured in Swat Iran arrests 30 accused of U.S.-backed cyber war Senior Hamas leader seized in West Bank - Israeli army Dark forces’ in Pak scuttle our efforts for peace: India Iraq PM Nouri al-Maliki's coalition takes early vote lead Israel restricts access to Al-Aqsa in Jerusalem ‘Lahore blasts: India rejects Pak allegations Pak court accepts plea for declaring Kasab fugitive LeT training Taliban with 'eye on India' South Asian 'slave brides' causing concern in UK Political one-upmanship in tense Bareilly Taliban assault on Afghanistan's Kandahar kills 35 Christian-Muslim clashes leave 24 injured in Egypt Egypt arrests Muslim Brotherhood members Indonesia hit by 6.4-magnitude earthquake For united Muslim stand on women’s Bill, Deobandis extend a hand to Barelvis U.S. Muslim convert among 7 arrested in Ireland Islamic History: Azmet making documentary film on last Nizam Another Jihad Jane held for plotting murder High on Afghan success, US mulls talks with Taliban Ancient wooden sarcophagus returned to Egypt from US Hindu girl weds Muslim boy; now fears for safety of in-laws Kosel Rav Asks Muslim Leaders to Cooperate to Prevent Violence To know Islam, you must be Islamic Pakistani jets pound Taliban hide-outs Martin Amis comes close to apology over Islam comments Khamenei tells Iranians to shun fire festival Compiled by Aman Quadre Photo: Afghan National Army (ANA) soldiers stand guard at the site of a suicide attack in Kandahar.
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Islam and Pluralism
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Religious Freedom Is Indivisible: Muslims Should Seek it in Islamic Societies Too
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The Swiss ban on minarets is having an echo in India. Abdul Sami Bubere of the Mumbai- based Sahyog Cultural Society is reported to have said: “The extremely provocative decision undermines the freedom of religion and principle of co- existence. The referendum is akin to tyranny of the majority. It will only encourage fundamentalism. The ban should be immediately lifted as it would serve the purpose of jihadis who misinterpret Islam.” Though I won’t use such strong words, I fully agree with the sentiments and thoughts expressed in the above sentiment. The analysis that “it will only encourage fundamentalism” is also correct. It is actually happening. The fundamentalists are taking advantage of the situation created by the Swiss ban on minarets and the French ban on burqas (veils). But then the question arises in my mind, how come we get agitated only when our own religious freedom is at stake in non-Muslim societies. We do not worry when Muslims themselves, not to speak of non-Muslims, are not allowed religious freedom in Islamic societies. We were permitted to defend ourselves with arms (a form of Jihad, albeit a lesser form) because if we had not done so, people may not have been able to worship in temples, monasteries, churches, synagogues, etc., all those places of worship were God is remembered and God’s praises are sung. Renowned Pakistani scholar Javed Ahmad Ghamidi writes: “The Qur’ān asserts that if the use of force would not have been allowed in such cases, the disruption and disorder caused by insurgent nations could have reached the extent that the places of worship – where the Almighty is kept in constant remembrance – would have become deserted and forsaken, not to mention the disruption of the society itself: وَلَوْلَا دَفْعُ اللَّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَهُدِّمَتْ صَوَامِعُ وَبِيَعٌ وَصَلَوَاتٌ وَمَسَاجِدُ يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا اسْمُ اللَّهِ كَثِيرًا (٤٠:٢٢) And had it not been that Allah checks one set of people with another, the monasteries and churches, the synagogues and the mosques, in which His praise is abundantly celebrated would have been utterly destroyed. (22:40) Apparently we were allowed a lower form of Jihad, the Qital, that involves fighting, so that we could safeguard the human right of every individual to freely sing the praises of God in any kind of worship place he likes, be it a monastery, a temple, a church, a synagogue, or a mosque. But how come, we feel concerned only when it is a matter concerning a mosque and do not bother if states, particularly Muslim and avowedly Islamic states do not allow temples, monasteries, churches and synagogues to function or create hurdles in the way of non-Muslims singing the praises of God in their own way. Not only that. We have scholars who claim that while non-Muslims have perfect freedom to practice their religion in an Islamic state, (though in practice they are not mostly allowed that freedom), Muslims do not have that freedom. Once born to a Muslim parent, you are doomed for ever to be a Muslim or else. Well, your throat will be slit, no less. Indeed, there are “revered” ulema (scholars of Islam) in various schools of thought who say that if someone is seen so much as not attending Friday prayers, his throat should be slit. Sample the following: Those who do not attend Friday prayers “should simply be killed. Slit their throats!”: Deoband “A person greatly admires Hazrat Maulana Rashid Gangohi, the outstanding scholar who was one of the founders of the Deoband madrasa. The gentleman to whom I refer is a kindly soul, who can be depended upon for help by others. However, when in the course of conversation I chanced to remark that the most basic virtue lay in kindness towards others, he contradicted me. Kindness, he contended, was reserved for “pious, practicing Muslims”. As for others, they should be given a chance to mend their ways, after which “they would be Wajibul Qatal (liable to be killed)”. Another person I chanced to meet — a finance man, no less — feels that people who do not attend Friday prayers “should simply be killed. Slit their throats!” “Now, this kind of sanguinary verbal ferocity is very different from the traditions of quiet piety and gentle acceptance in which most Muslims were brought up. I claim no expertise to suggest whether this or the other is the ‘correct’ version of Islamic thinking. However, there are certainly many scholars who hold that this aggressive literalism, popularly but incorrectly referred to as ‘fundamentalism’, is a doctrinal innovation of relatively recent origin. It is very much a product of the linear, pseudo-logical thinking that has characterised our violent and intolerant age — an age that began with the full flowering of modern imperialism in the nineteenth century and whose baleful cultural and psychic responses have long outlived their origins. With this kind of intellectual legacy as a backdrop, what kind of political discourse is possible in Pakistan?” -- Salman Tarik Kureshi http://newageislam.com/NewAgeIslamArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=1795 Also, sample the following from a supposedly enlightened scholar of Islam: “Freedom is a neutral word. Accordingly, affixing it with religion would mean a liberty of a person either to have or not to have a religion, either to practice or not to practise, either to propagate or not to propagate, either to embrace or not to embrace, either to change or not change one’s own religion. If he decides to do so he has the freedom to do it without any interference of others. This is the meaning of freedom as it appeared in the above examples. “Is a Muslim allowed to enjoy such freedom? As a matter of fact, under Shariah law, a Muslim is not free to do so, no matter whether he is under Muslim rule or non-Muslim rule except with dire necessity. In fact the meaning of Islam itself, that is submission and surrender to the will of Almighty Allah (swt), is inimical to the vague meaning of freedom (cf.hurriah) in its absolute sense. Thus, a Muslim cannot enjoy freedom in respect of articles of belief (Iman) and practicing of pillars of Islam, (arkan al Islam) and observance of codes of life, because, these are essential of keep him a believer and a Muslim. He may enjoy a guided freedom with regards to those matters that do not fall under the basic and obligatory tenets and pillars of region.” – Freedom Of Religion in Shariah by Dr. ABM Mahboobul Islam of the International Islamic University of Malaysia. The poor orphans of war known as Taliban who ruled Afghanistan for a while have been considered bizarre in thinking that if someone does not have a beard of a certain length and doesn’t wear certain length of cloth or if a woman shows even an inch of skin, they are liable for various punishments. But I find that this is actually the mainstream of conservative thinking in Islam which is not being opposed by mainstream Islam. It is to the credit of Talban that by trying to implement these outlandish ideas of our ulema they have brought this out into the open. But for them people like me who were happy with the thought of a mainstream Islam, peaceful and pluralistic, would not have thought of studying the clerical literature at some length and trying to find out the truth. It is this obscurantist mindset that pervades the minds of a large number of Muslims. No wonder then that while some of us balk at the very thought of a Talibani Islam and just take it for granted that such an interpretation of Islam simply would not be acceptable to the mainstream, on a closer look we discover that actually the mainstream, at least in backward societies, does not have much of a problem. I hope Mr. Abdul Sami Bubere of the Mumbai- based Sahyog Cultural Society and other people who are bothered about the Swiss ban on minarets or the French ban on burqa or India’s Hindu Right demanding the abolition of Muslim Personal Law will also express their disgust, if they feel it, over the lack of religious freedoms to non-Muslims and more so Muslims in so-called Islamic societies. So-called Islamic scholars go to great lengths to prove that Quranic dictates like “La Ikraha fid Deen” (There can be no compulsion in religion) or Lakum Deenakum waleya Deen (For you your religion and for me mine) have no meaning and relevance for the Muslims today and should be banished from our consciousness. Shame on such scholars!!! Until we start fighting for religious freedom in our own societies (of both Muslims and non-Muslims), our struggle for religious freedom in non-Muslim societies will be rightly treated as just an instance of Muslim hypocrisy. -- Sultan Shahin, Editor, New Age Islam
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Islam and Sectarianism
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The Shia-Sunni divide: How real and how deep? Can we move towards genuine unity?
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Many Muslims throughout the world, both Sunni and Shia, are working towards dialogue and reconciliation between the two sects. They argue that it is just not possible to fully comprehend and much less to judge the historical figures of Islam and their motivations today, 13 or 14 centuries after the event, which led to the schism in Islam. Indeed, it is not possible to judge people even when events take place now in full view of the world media… India’s Shia and Sunni communities can serve as a beacon of hope in this process. Let us follow up on recent initiatives by Mohtarma Syeda Hamid and Maulana Kalb-e-Sadiq and keep moving in the direction of genuine, frank dialogue leading to real unity. -- Sultan Shahin, editor, New Age Islam
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Books and Documents
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The War Within Islam: Niyaz Fatehpuri’s Struggle Against The Fundamentalists
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IS RELIGION FROM GOD OR MAN-MADE?
Fateh{puri@ believed in God, and there are various instances in his writings to prove that. However, he was not sure if God had anything to do with religion. As seen in the earlier instance, he tried to rationalize even the divine revelation, and showed that it was possible to see the Qur’an as the personal contribution of the Prophet. This was because, for Fateh{puri@, religion had a more utilitarian purpose, than spiritual. Religion, for him, was to serve as a guide for humanity, to remind them of doing good deeds, being kind to one another, and remembering God, while taking part in worldly pursuits and aiming for progress and success. In reality, all religions of the world were made by humans and were not related to God, revelation or providence. The books that are said to be revealed, are the work of human brain only, and therefore, they have different thoughts and teachings according to different time and place. Neither does God need worship and submission, nor does He need anyone’s prayers.[ix] Fateh{puri@’s thesis was that the reasons why some matters have either been forbidden or recommended by religion can be understood by human intellect. Therefore, it is quite possible to say that religious instructions might have been created by human intellect to serve a functional purpose. IS THE QUR’AN REALLY GOD’S SPEECH? As mentioned above, Fateh{puri@ believed that the only thing that could be proven was that the Qur’an came from Muh{ammad’s mouth; whether it was really God’s speech is debatable. The only justification of its divine origin generally given, according to him, was that the grammar, literary quality and style of the h{adi@th and the Qur’an differ markedly and therefore, they are speeches of different entities, the Prophet and God. Fateh{puri@ never found this rationale satisfactory enough to prove such a broad assumption. He agreed that, undoubtedly the Qur’an was truly an extraordinary book in all its aspects and that during that age, nothing like it in either length or quality was produced. However, he argued, it would be going too far to assume that nothing like it could have been produced. Arabic literature and poetry at the time was quite developed, and oral tradition was flourishing. And since Prophet Muh{ammad was related to the Quraish tribe, which was famous for its oral literature and fluency of expression, it should not be surprising that his language was extraordinarily refined. Fateh{puri@ answered the question of the differences in style and quality of the two works by saying that one’s language and actions are determined by the emotion one is feeling, and its intensity. He gave the example of poetry. There can be quite a lot of variety in the different verses written by the same poet, some of them perhaps being of a higher literary quality than others. The reason, he thought, was that the poet reached a certain state of mind when he wrote those particular high-quality verses. Those verses that suddenly come into a poet’s mind, without any effort on his part, are even in literary circles called ilha@mi@ or revelatory.[vi] Coming back to the Prophet and the Qur’an, his basic hypothesis was that the Prophet must have reached a certain state of mind, resulting in the revelation (wahy). He explained that, unlike his contemporaries, the Prophet was born with an acute discernment of good from evil. A person like him would naturally be upset with the situation in which he found himself. This, according to Fateh{puri@, prompted him to get out of his world, hide in caves and think. His deep thinking would lead him into such a state where he would start producing this message. Words burst forth like a spring. The words in that message were obviously his, and in the same language that was widespread during the time and in that area. The only noticeable change was in the style of presentation, which according to Fateh{puri@ was the result of his state of mind. That is what truly constitutes a revelation, according to Fateh{puri@. And this was what made the language of the Qur’an so different from that of h{adi@th.[vii] W.C. Smith was clearly not an admirer of Fateh{puri@’s extreme logic; he did not like the fact that Fateh{puri@ attacked the very idea of divine revelation. “Accordingly, the Qur’a@n was seen as a piece of literature, the personal contribution of Muh{ammad to the thought of the world; all of authority, as well as the ritual and formalism, of the religion was rejected.”[viii] STATUS OF THE PROPHET Prophet Muh{ammad, according to him, was basically a reformer who was very concerned about the state of his society: its illiteracy, ignorance, social evils like polygamy, infanticide, drinking (etc.), its material culture and idol worship. After all, he sat meditating in a cave for weeks even before the advent of the revelation. Fateh{puri@ mused that he must have been thinking about ways to cleanse his society of its ills and it seems, Islam turned out to be a good way of doing so. Although other modernists also made an effort to humanise the Prophet, not many would have agreed with him that the Prophet had a personal agenda in bringing about Islam. The Prophet might have been concerned about his society, and there must have been a reason why he used to go to that cave, but there is no reason why these two things should be related. Apparently Fateh{puri@ was venturing here into the realm of pure speculation. Fateh{puri@ asked, “What is the position of the Prophet in Islam? Was he just a messenger, could anybody have become a messenger?” For him the choice of Muh{ammad as the Prophet was crucial. How Muh{ammad acted, how he lived his life, was a topic of primary importance for Fateh{puri. He considered it debatable whether the Qur’an is the speech of God or not, but it was historically proven, according to him, that it did come out of Muh{ammad’s mouth.[x] His earlier point that the Prophet might have had a reformist agenda of his own in bringing about Islam, and then his insistence that our only certain knowledge is that Qur’an came out of the Prophet’s mouth, amounted to placing a question mark on any involvement of God at all. This was one of the instances where he may have taken his logic too far, expressing views that clearly would not be acceptable to any ordinary believer. He appears an agnostic from these views, but seemingly this was not the case. He simply went wherever his logic took him and was not afraid of expressing radically different views. -- JUHI SHAHIN Excerpts from a newly published book in Pakistan: The War Within Islam: Niyaz Fateh{puri@’s Struggle Against The Fundamentalists by Juhi Shahin
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Radical Islamism & Jihad
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Indian Ulema have no time to lose, must call warlike Quranic surahs obsolete
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The so-called Indian Mujahedeen have used in their notorious e-mails certain Quranic verses to justify killing of innocent civilians. These are the same verses that enemies of Islam’s pacific and humane philosophy have been traditionally using for centuries to demonise Islam. Muslims who go berserk and want to simply smite all and sundry in their crazy stupor also routinely use these verses to justify their fanaticism and probably also to brainwash the still-not-so-crazy to their cause.
New Age Islam urges Indian Ulema to come out with explicit, unequivocal statements that the Quranic verses like the following - “Therefore, when ye meet the Unbelievers in fight, smite at their necks"- are now obsolete: they were meant for a specific situation during the Prophet’s life and do no apply today. Also, they must clarify that the Muslim perception and belief that they alone are worthy of going to Heaven is total bunkum, according to Muslim precepts. Muslims are no better or worse than any other community. Islam has as much failed to create a New Man or for that matter a New Woman as any other reformist religion or philosophy. --- Sultan Shahin, editor, New Age Islam
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Islam,Terrorism and Jihad
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Religion of the Jahiliya: Jihadism is Kufr, not Islam - Pakistani Jihadists revealed plans for Indian Muslims in 1999
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Recent terror attack at Mumbai has reminded us once again that Pakistan Army, or one of its agencies Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) at any rate, is determined to change the very character of Islam, turning it into the pre-Islamic religion of the Jahiliya (Arabia in the Dark Ages). It had indeed given us ample evidence of its anti-Islamic character during the Kargil war by reminding us of the Battle of Uhud where a woman of Jahiliya, Hinda, had mutilated the dead body of Prophet Mohammad’s uncle, Hazrat Hamza. The Prophet [peace be upon him] had not only forgiven her but had made it a point to forbid the practice in every Muslim gathering thereafter for fear that the Muslims, too, might do something similar in retaliation. Blood feud and vengeance was rampant in the Arab world of the Jahiliya. One couldn’t help being reminded of that when reports came that one of the terrorists mentioned vendetta for Gujarat and demolition of Babri masjid by Hindutva forces as the justification for the killing of innocents at Mumbai.
Pakistani “Islam” would indeed appear to be completely unrecognisable as Islam to a Muslim in any part of the world. Slowly but surely what appears to be a completely new religion seems to have caught the imagination of many people in Pakistan. Its followers don’t, of course, consider it a new religion. Indeed this religion insists that it is Islam; in fact it calls itself true Islam or real Islam. But it can best be described as Jihadism, as its central belief system is based on a wilful misinterpretation of the Islamic concept of Jihad. It can also be called Talibanism, as the Taliban of Afghanistan, who studied in Pakistani madrasas run by the Jamiat-ul-Ulema-e-Pakistan are its most avid practitioners. By and large, the western-educated liberal Pakistani intelligentsia, as I found out during several visits, hates this religion and is frightened of it. But as one by one all institutions of governance are succumbing to its growing power and its capacity for evil, they are getting scared to death. Some of them are simply planning to migrate to some non-Muslim majority country. No one is really fighting this malignant force, though some journalists and human rights activists still have the courage at least to express their horror and outrage at grave personal risk. -- SULTAN SHAHIN, Editor, NewAgeIslam.com
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Ijtihad, Rethinking Islam
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Rebooting Islam: Let us at least resolve the issue - Who is a Muslim?
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Let us resolve to keep helping Muslims in the New Year mapping an agenda for Islam in the Twenty-first century – the task New Age Islam has set before itself. Islam is of course, a universal Deen, for all people in every corner of the world and for all times to come; but in order to fulfil its destiny it has to keep reinventing itself in every new age; it has to be rethought and reinterpreted in the light of the orthodox Islamic principles of Ijtihad, the gates of which were opened for us by Allah and the Prophet (Peace be upon him) and no Muslim has the right to close them down. The pace of change has accelerated so much in the last decades that our very way of life has become quite distinct even from the recent past. How does the Islamic way of life mesh into and cope with the demands of the New Age is the major challenge before us Muslims, that too at a time when we have not only vast numbers of Muslim societies in nearly all parts of the world varying from one another in our social norms and customs, but also a vast number of interpretations of Islam resulting in deep sectarian divisions. While for enemies of Islam in the extortionist and exploitative sections of human society Islam is one religion and Muslims are one religious community the world over, for Muslims themselves there are scores of Islams and scores of Muslim communities, nearly all baying for each others’ blood. We apparently need to reboot Islam in our systems. Let us at least resolve that in the New Year 2009 we will at least find the lowest common denominator or the greatest common divisor for what should have been the simplest of questions and has become a very complicated one: who is a Muslim? Let us also resolve to work in the New Year towards closing down all the Kafir-and-Mushrik-manufacturing factories that are flourishing so much in our midst. There are so many things to be done; but let us start at the easiest first step. Sultan Shahin, editor, New Age Islam
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| Focus on Islam, Jihad and Terrorism |
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Religion of the Jahiliya: Jihadism is Kufr, not Islam - Pakistani Jihadists revealed plans for Indian Muslims in 1999 |
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Condemning "Islamist" terrorist attack on Mumbai in harshest terms |
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Can Ulema save Muslims from Radical Islamism? |
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Muslim response to Mumbai terror in sync with the national mood, but what is wrong with our intellectuals? |
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Indian Ulema have no time to lose, must call warlike Quranic surahs obsolete. |
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Jihadism gets sustenance from verses of war in the Quran |
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Can we Trust Pakistani commitment to fight Jihadi Terrorism? |
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Massacre in Mumbai: L-e-T role clear. Should Muslims continue to be in denial? |
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Destroy Lashkar Camps: Why Indian Muslims are an existential threat to Pakistan? |
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Mumbai Terror: William Kristol on Jihad’s True Face |
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Mumbai a stain on Islam: Real 'jihad' means fighting perpetrators of terror |
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Indian Muslims: Let us come out of denial |
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Is Terror only in the Hearts or in Holy Texts too? A dialogue between S Gurumurthy and Javed Anand |
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Dismantle Jamaat ud-Dawa infrastructure |
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Indian Muslim Ulema gather in Hyderabad to introspect |
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Time Indian Muslims told terrorists their dastardly actions are inimical to Muslim interests |
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Sorry Safdar Nagori, you are just a megalomaniac-turned-terrorist, not a Mujahid by any reckoning |
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Making sense of Pakistan terror machine’s latest attack and its aftermath |
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Jamaat-e-Islami is welcome in politics, but it should jettison its dangerous ideological baggage first. |
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Terrorism in Pakistan, Celebrating Ramadan, jihadi style |
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Terrorists are Fasadi, not Jihadi |
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The Deobandi Fatwa Against Terrorism Didn't Treat the Jihadi Root |
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Do Muslims want to be protected by the likes of Lashkar-e-Taiba? |
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Muslims should abrogate verses of war in Islamic Law |
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Pakistan's westward drift: A stern Wahhabism is replacing the kinder, gentler Islam of the Sufis and saints |
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Unveiling Zakir Naik: Terror cannot be fought with Terror |
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Talibanisation of Pakistan continues with the help of administration |
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| Dr. Zakir Naik on Yazeed and Osama bin Laden - A New Age Islam Debate |
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Editor and Publisher: Sultan Shahin, E-22, Indra Prastha Apts., 114, I. P. Extension, New Delhi – 110092 Phone No. (+91-11) 222 44 868 E-mail: Editor@NewAgeIslam.com
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